Demystifying Breast Cancer:
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally and in South Africa. According to Cancer Research UK, one in eight women will develop breast cancer in their lifetime. It is essential to understand the risk factors and early detection methods to prevent the disease from progressing.
In this article, we will discuss the risk factors associated with breast cancer and early detection methods that can help women detect the disease early and increase the chances of successful treatment.
Risk Factors of Breast Cancer:
There are several risk factors associated with breast cancer. Some risk factors are beyond our control, while others can be modified to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.
- Gender and Age: Being a woman and increasing age are the two significant risk factors for developing breast cancer. Women are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer than men. Also, the risk of developing breast cancer increases as women age.
- Family History: Having a close family member, such as a mother, sister, or daughter, who has been diagnosed with breast cancer, increases the risk of developing the disease.
- Genetic Mutations: Inherited mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes can increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
- Reproductive History: Women who have never given birth or had their first child after the age of 30 are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer.
- Hormone Replacement Therapy: Women who undergo hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to relieve symptoms of menopause are at an increased risk of developing breast cancer.
Early Detection of Breast Cancer:
Early detection is crucial in preventing breast cancer from spreading and increasing the chances of successful treatment. Here are some early detection methods that women can use to detect breast cancer early:
- Breast Self-Examination (BSE): Women can perform a breast self-examination to detect any changes or lumps in their breasts. It is recommended to do a BSE at least once a month.
- Clinical Breast Examination (CBE): A clinical breast examination is a physical examination of the breasts by a healthcare provider. It is recommended that women aged 20 and above should undergo a CBE at least once every three years.
- Mammography: A mammogram is an X-ray of the breasts that can detect breast cancer early. It is recommended that women aged 50 and above should undergo a mammogram every two years.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create images of the breast tissue. It is recommended for women at high risk of developing breast cancer.
Breast cancer is a significant health issue, but the good news is that there are ways to prevent and detect the disease early. By understanding the risk factors and early detection methods, women aged 18-65+ can take proactive steps to reduce their risk of developing breast cancer and increase the chances of successful treatment if diagnosed.
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